Does the Choice of Well-Being Measure Matter Empirically?: An Illustration with German Data

We discuss and compare fi…ve measures of individual well-being, namely income, an objective composite well-being index, a measure of subjective well-being, equivalent income, and a well-being measure based on the von Neumann-Morgenstern utilities of the individuals. After examining the information requirements of these measures, we illustrate their implementation using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) for 2010. We fi…nd sizeable differences in the characteristics of the individuals identi…ed as worst of according to the different well-being measures. Less than 1% of the individuals belong to the bottom decile according to all …five measures. Moreover, the measures lead to considerably different well-being rankings of the individuals. These …findings highlight the importance of the choice of well-being measure for policy making.