Forecasting energy consumption using a new GM–ARMA model based on HP filter: The case of Guangdong Province of China

Guangdong's energy reduction requirements developed by the State Council of China under the 12th Five-year Plan reflect a reality: the restriction brought by energy consumption on economic development in Guangdong is tougher. To obtain a detailed understanding of the future amount of Guangdong's energy consumption in the coming years, this paper establishes a new model with improved GM–ARMA based on HP Filter to forecast the final energy consumption. Compared with traditional statistical approaches, the case study of Guangdong indicates that the improved GM–ARMA model has excellent accuracy and higher level of reliability. Moreover, based on this model, this paper predicts the energy consumption under different future economic scenarios and forecasts the future changes in the structure of the final energy consumption in Guangdong from 2013 to 2016 to discuss Guangdong's possibility of achieving the reduction goal. Finally, this paper finds that the issue of energy saving and emission reduction is very serious in the next few years.