The study area is located in Central Europe and focusing on Mecsek Hills, a low mountain range in the south western part of Hungary. The region of central Europe includes complex mix of elements from mediterranean and continental climate, since the area is located in transitional zone of sub-atlantic and sub-mediterranean climate types. Mecsek Hills is a unique region of the Hungarian environment. Its central European location specifies distribution of diverse landscape types, formed under conditions of transitional climatic settings, mixed from sub-atlantic to sub-mediterranean. The distribution of ecosystems in the region illustrate adaptation of soil properties to actual climate conditions. As determined by the present-day climatic and geomorphological settings, soils in the Mecsek region are rich in nutrients, and landscapes are characterized by various mixed soil types. Brown forest soils predominate on hilltops of Mecsek, while alluvial soils on floodplains. According to the underlying soil types, the landscapes are characterized by mixed vegetation types. The most typical is Pannonian mixed forests of temperate broadleaf and mixed forests, common in Euro-Siberian region. There are also forests of Turkey and hornbeam oak in the catchment area of Mecsek region. The dominating vegetation coverage types on the slopes of Mecsek Hills include beech forests, ravine forests and oaks. Some regions of the Mecsek Hills include unique biogeographic areas with endemic species, not founded elsewhere in Carpathian Basin.Current work is based on methodology of processing satellite images by means of GIS. Combination of the satellite images with GIS techniques is a key method for land patterns identification and classification of ecosystems. Research methodology is based on the GIS spatial analysis tools and classification of Landsat TM image, which was used for visualizing landscapes. An ILWIS GIS was applied to perform spatial analysis and mapping. The research algorithm is clustering, which classifies pixels with similar value of Digital Numbers (DNs) to thematic classes. As a result, spatial analysis on distribution of land cover patterns was performed. Data processing include image pre-processing, enhancement, classification, spatial analysis and interpretation. A land cover map was created by classifying study area into land categories. The core method used in the current work for the interpretation of imagery is clustering algorithm. This method is based on the remote sensing general principle that each unique pixel on a multichannel image has spectral signature defined by the reflectance of its DN in each spectral band. The DNs of pixels create unique signatures for various objects, distinguishable from other objects. Multispectral cluster classification was applied for the Landsat TM image, by extracting information about values of the pixels DNs, analyzing their spectral signatures. During classification, digital cells are measured according to the similarity of their DNs and assigned into a small number of categories, or clusters. The image was taken in autumn harvest season, to enable best distinguishability of spectral signatures in diverse land areas and vegetation types. The pixels were identified to land cover classes and assigned into thematic categories. As a result, following land types were classified: 1) wheat; 2) spring barley; 3) maize; 4) maize for ensilage; 5) oak and beech forests; 6) sugar beet; 7) other crops; 8) shrubland; 9) waters; 10) not agricultural areas; 11) grassland; 12) other land cover types. Current work demonstrated analysis of climate factors affecting ecological settings of Mecsek Hulls, and local landscapes visualized by means of ILWIS GIS and remote sensing data (Landsat TM)
