Knowledge Collaboration, Productivity and Innovation

This study identifies and measures the returns to regional, national and international knowledge sourcing for innovation in firms with different productivity levels. We develop and estimate a model on two distinct samples using data from the 17,859 most innovative firms during 2002-2014. We demonstrate that returns to regional, national and international knowledge sourcing vary between the least (laggards) and the most productive firms (leaders) with the outcomes consistent for both the likelihood and commercialization of innovation