Learning By Exporting: Evidence Based on Data of Knowledge Flows from Innovation Surveys in Estonia

This paper studies learning-by-exporting, based on survey data of knowledge flow indicators. Most of the earlier related papers investigate the effects of exporting on productivity of firms, and often find little evidence of learning effects. This study looks more in detail into the mechanism of these effects. It investigates whether exporting is associated with increase in intensity of knowledge flows to the firm from the firm’s clients, relative to other knowledge sources. I use measures of learning about the new technologies from two pooled innovation surveys and firm level exporting data of manufacturing firms in Estonia. Unlike the majority of earlier studies that use productivity data, I find evidence consistent with learning-by-exporting. Exporting in the past is associated with more learning from the firm’s clients in next periods.