In our day, problems pertaining to the methodology of economic forecasting have acquired extremely great importance. This is connected, first, with work on long-range forecasts of the development of the national economy of the USSR (a number of scientific research institutions are already engaged in such research), and, second, with the determination of the prospects for economic competition between our country and the United States, as well as other leading capitalist countries, and with the compilation of a substantiated forecast of future growth of the capitalist economy for these purposes.