Modelling and optimization of retrofitting residential energy systems at the urban scale

Local governments and property developers are increasingly seeking robust models for strategic planning of retrofitting residential energy systems. Strategic planning here infers making decisions on technology upgrades at the concept design stage. This represents a problem with many degrees of freedom. Optimization models offer a solution. The presentation of the tool RESCOM is the focus of this paper, a MILP (mixed integer linear program) that builds upon previous models of urban energy systems and extends these efforts by incorporating both demand side technologies, and explicit spatial and temporal resolution.