Modernization and Transformation of Innovation Strategy of Russia: Problems and Solutions

Problems and tasks of Russian innovation strategy are considered from the point of view of the country’s passing certain stages of technological development. It is noted that during the period of rapid economic growth Russia did not manage to proceed from the resource stage to the investment one. Basing on Japan experience the paper demonstrates that the pure imitation way of technological development conceals the danger of falling into an "imitation trap". To avoid this it is necessary to create beforehand institutions and institutional tools of realization of the next stage based on national innovations. The effective innovation state policy should be aimed not only at solving the tasks of the investment stage but at building up certain preconditions for transition to the next stage of technological development.