Quantum field theoretical reformulation of the virial theorem

A rigorous reformulation of the virial theorem for an interacting quantum many-body system with arbitrary spin is presented. The derivation is based on the previously obtained field theoretical canonical generator for the infinitesimal scale transformation of the second quantized Schrödinger field [Phys. Rev. A 48 (1993) 3492]. As to spin-dependence of the particle interaction, the new form brings about a relevant additional contribution to the second virial coefficient.