Strukturmerkmale von Berufen: Einfluss auf die berufliche Mobilität von Ausbildungsabsolventen

"This article examines if occupations contribute to social closure by their structural characteristics. For this purpose the four structural indicators occupational specificity, standardization by training regulation, voluntary certification by private educ-tional providers and representation by an occupational association were created on the basis of the 'Berufsordnungen' of the 'KldB88'. The main question is how these structural traits restrict occupational mobility of graduates of an apprenticeship in the 'dual system'. From a theoretical perspective it is expected that a high manifestation of these indicators goes along with a stronger social closure of the particular occupation and so switching into such an occupation is more difficult. The empirical results show that three structural variables indicate the predicted tendency: the access to occupations which are standardized by a training regulation or certified by private educational providers is more difficult. A higher manifestation of occupational specificity also decreases the opportunities to switch into such an oc-cupation. Contrary to the supposed correlations is the variable occupational associations - it has a positive effect on occupational mobility. The differentiation into three occupational areas showed the same results for technical and service occupations. However, in the production sector the effects of occupational specificity and occupational associations differed." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))