Timing is Everything: Multilevel Event History Analysis as a Tool to Model Change Over Time in Social Ventures

Purpose To review and address current approaches and limitations to modeling change over time in social entrepreneurship research. Methodology The article provides a narrative review of different practices used to assess change over time. It also shows how different research questions require different methodologies for assessing changes over time. Finally, it presents worked examples for modeling these changes. Findings Our review suggests that there is a lack of research in social entrepreneurship that takes into account the many different considerations for addressing how time influences outcomes. Originality/value This chapter introduces an analytic technique to social entrepreneurship that effectively models changes in predictors and outcomes even when data are non-normal or nested across time or levels of analysis.