Understanding computer‐mediated interorganizational collaboration: a model and framework

Purpose – To develop a process model of interorganizational systems (IOS) collaboration and systematic framework for understanding and classifying IOS technologies for interorganizational collaboration. Design/methodology/approach – This paper synthesizes relevant concepts and findings in the IOS, economics, and management literature. It also presents empirical examples to illustrate key issues, practices, and solutions involved in IOS collaboration. Findings – An integrative model of IOS collaboration is introduced and knowledge sharing, participative decision making, and conflict governance identified as three behavioral process elements underlying effective interorganizational collaboration. Extending Kumar and van Dissel's IOS framework to directly recognize these elements, a more complete collaboration‐oriented framework for characterizing key elements of interorganizational collaboration and classifying IOS technologies is developed. Research limitations/implications – This paper brings together diverse ideas into a systematic view of collaboration via interorganizational systems. It contributes to a deeper, fuller understanding of issues involved in achieving collaborative advantage with IOS technologies. The paper also identifies factors and relationships that researchers should consider in designing empirical studies, posing hypotheses about collaboration via IOS, and analyzing results. Practical implications – The model and framework can serve as a check‐list of considerations that need to be dealt with by leaders of collaboration‐oriented IOS initiatives. The IOS framework and technology classification may also suggest ways in which IT vendors might provide better technological solutions, services, and software for interorganizational collaboration. Originality/value – This new IOS collaboration model and framework provide more complete and useful guidance for researchers, educators, and practitioners.