Which are the new frontiers in central banking? Which things have changed in the aftermath of the financial, economic and sovereign debt crisis? These are questions raised frequently by central bankers, academics and interested observers alike. There are quite a few areas to cover in answering...

This paper proposes a framework to monitor progress towards improved integration in public transport. The framework adapts some elements of Transport Sustainability Barometer (TSB) which is a tool to assess transport sustainability in Swedish cities. The suggested indicator set follows the...

The aviation network plays an important role in today's globalised society. There is a growing understanding among governments worldwide that air connectivity is an asset improving the global competitiveness of cities, regions and countries. Connectivity growth decreases travel costs for...

Based on a non-parametric, structural equation modelling framework, this paper compares a set of highly congested US and European airports in order to assess the impact of approaches on overall social welfare, considering airline and airport surplus and passenger welfare. This paper discusses...

This paper explores the role of modern trams in Chinese cities and identifies issues and challenges of integrating modern trams with other public transport modes. The Suzhou National High-tech District (SND) Tram is chosen as a representative case for study. The findings show that, due to the...

The specific characteristics of transport services and markets, including their importance in socioeconomic terms, are such that Regulatory Impact Analysis (RIA) is particularly likely to yield major benefits when applied to transport policy. However RIA in transport is not as widespread as in...

The great financial crisis of 2007-08 and the recession have generated active debate on the role of financial systems on the real economy. In particular, central banks have shown increased interest in how financial systems can evolve to maximise their contribution to the real economy. Many...