As a new strategy to combat global climate change and achieve sustainable development, a marine low-carbon economy has gradually gained attention in recent years. A variety of reasons are fueling the creation of a marine low-carbon economy. The digital economy (DE) has demonstrated a significant...

This paper presents a weighted optimization framework that unifies the binary, multivalued, and continuous treatment - as well as mixture of discrete and continuous treatment - under a unconfounded treatment assignment. With a general loss function, the framework includes the average, quantile,...

The paper examines the volatility predictive ability of the CBOE crude oil volatility index (OVX), GARCH and Stochastic Volatility Models in the crude oil market. Specifically, the dynamics of two major crude oil pricing benchmarks - Brent in Europe and WTI in America are compared. OVX index is...

Recently, there has been a high level of energy demand worldwide, which has piqued regulators and researchers' interest in producing efficient energy. Therefore, this research investigates the impact of multiple energy demands on China's energy efficiency (renewable energy production). The...

We consider a dynamic principal-agent problem, where the sole instrument the principal has to incentivize the agent is the disclosure of information. The principal aims at maximizing the (discounted) number of times the agent chooses the principal's preferred action. We show that there exists an...

Pipelines are the essential transportation infrastructure of the energy system, undertaking most transportation tasks of oil and gas on land. In a critical period of the energy transition, it is necessary to comprehensively review the research on pipeline transport capacity management for better...

Linguistic specificity effectively reduces barriers to information cognition, increasing the efficiency of information acquisition, integration and processing. Combining the psycholinguistics theory of the concreteness effect with asset-pricing theory, we determine that linguistic specificity in...