Public schools in Chile receive a per-student subsidy depending on enrollment, and are managed by local governments that operate under soft budget constraints. In this paper, we study the effects of this system on per-student expenditures. Per-student expenditures on rural areas are 30% higher...

The high integration of variable renewable sources in electric power systems entails a series of challenges inherent to their intrinsic variability. A critical challenge is to correctly value the water available in reservoirs in hydrothermal systems, considering the flexibility that it provides....

The Climate Action Teams (CAT) initiative is a mechanism that supports international resource transfers for climate mitigation. CAT operates through government-to-government agreements based on verified mitigation outcomes beyond nationally determined contribution (NDC) commitments in one...

In support of the Climate Action Teams initiative, we evaluate Chile's potential for greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation beyond its Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) through implementing ambitious actions. An open multisector model is used to project GHG emissions. The results indicate that...

Markets for natural resources and commodities are often oligopolistic. In these markets, production capacities are key for strategic interaction between the oligopolists. We analyze how different market structures influence oligopolistic capacity investments and thereby affect supply, prices and...