Companies operating internationally are faced with the dilemma of how to attract investors from multiple exchanges to provide capital. While each investor may prefer a report tailored to his or her country's generally accepted accounting and auditing framework, such an approach can be...

The most thoroughly debated format issue in designing a cash flow statement for a business enterprise concerns use ofthe direct or indirectmethod when reporting cash from operating activities. The article argues that the reason why we cannot solve this dilemma of using the direct or indirect...

Comparative International Governmental Accounting Research (CIGAR) has been carried out for some twelve years. CIGAR research is, however, generally unfamiliar to researchers not belonging to the CIGAR network. Therefore, the paper aims at presenting and discussing critically CIGAR research with...

In most countries around the world there are differences in the systems of accounting in the business and non-business sectors. In recent years, however, the governments in some countries have started to apply the accrual-based accounting principles that are used in the business field. In...

From the many accounting objectives which have been suggested, it seems that the intended function of accounting is to reduce uncertainty in control and decision-making processes. However, after conducting a literature search of empirical studies of accounting in action we came to three...

The relationship between the size of state audit budgets, audit responsibilities, professional characteristics of staff, risk, and tax and expenditure limitations is explored. Bivariate relationships are examined and then a model is estimated which controls for size, complexity, financial risk...

Daiwa, Sumitomo, and Bank of Estonia experiences display patterns from which lessons emerge for public sector financial managers. Effective fiscal policies, avoidance of conflicts of interest, and attention to the hazards of joint regulation by home- and foreign-owned entities’ regulators are...

The management style of an organisation can influence the relative effectiveness of alternative approaches to conferencing and reporting. Implications of autocratic, supportive, custodial and collegial management styles are described. Generally, Theory X environments should be addressed with...

This study conducted a comprehensive analysis of the ASB's voting activities for 45 SASs issued over a 12‐year period. The results support earlier studies by Kinney and others that members' respective firm characteristics are strongly associated with their voting behavior. However, while...