Antecedent physical factors are used in calculations, which endowed set pair analysis with predictive abilities. Set pair analysis can make predictions based on calculations using antecedent physical factors. In this study, the fitted value <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"> <math xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <msub> <mover accent="true"> <mi mathvariant="italic">Y</mi> <mo stretchy="true">^</mo> </mover> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </math> </EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$$ {\widehat{Y}}_1 $$</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> based on set pair...</equationsource></equationsource></inlineequation>

We here discuss the concept of the magnitude and the intensity of disaster of a storm surge and propose a method of calculation based on the principle of the wind scale and the earthquake magnitude. The magnitude of a storm surge is the quantitative index that describes the scale of the storm...

A risk assessment model for water shortage was constructed from the risk analysis method based on the information diffusion theory. The application of this model was demonstrated in the city of Jinhua in Zhejiang Province, China. The study indicates that the present model is more stable and...