This paper uses the national firm level survey data to investigate the effects of Chinese unions on firm performance …. We show that Chinese unions have a strong "State-Party voice" face and a "collective voice" face but lack of "monopoly … unions are remarkable: unions in the workplace significantly improve productivity but reduce enterprise profitability …

Twenty years have passed since Freeman and Medoff's What Do Unions Do? This essay assesses their analysis of how unions … hold up, although more evidence is needed. Subsequent literature continues to find unions associated with lower … profitability, as noted by Freeman and Medoff. Unions are found to tax returns stemming from market power, but industry …