1970s, provides a firsthand account of how desegregation affected students during high school and later in life. Their … on the backlash against it. The team conducted open-ended interviews with more than 500 graduates, educators, advocates …

students into academic tracks. Accounting for two classroom characteristics—mean classroom achievement and the standard …This working paper uses urban school district data to investigate whether including track indicators or accounting for …

accountability systems, affects the value-added estimates of teachers of students with hard-to-predict achievement levels, such as … students who have low prior achievement and receive free lunch. Teachers of these students tend to have less precise value …-added estimates than teachers of other types of students. Shrinkage increases their estimates’ precision and reduces the absolute …

placement test. Students who passed the test (with a score very near the cut-off for eligibility) and enrolled in a rigorous … college degree than similar students who did not take the class. …

This article discusses the trade-offs associated with study designs that involve random assignment of students within …

students into academic tracks. Accounting for two classroom characteristics—mean classroom achievement and the standard …This working paper uses urban school district data to investigate whether including track indicators or accounting for …