fertility of an innovation in generating more innovations cannot be observed. The menu of patent scope can be implemented with …

improve on counts in studies which require a measure of the extent of innovation. A simple renewal based weighting scheme is …

analysis proceeds in stages. It begins with an exogenous rate of innovation in order to focus on the first two components. The … last two components are added by endogenizing the rate of innovation. Finally, the paper considers the role of foreign …

How do non-practicing entities ("Patent Trolls") impact innovation and technological progress? Although this question …", who exploit the patent system to extract rents and thereby hurt innovation. We employ unprecedented access to NPE … also find that downstream innovation drops in fields where patents have been acquired by NPEs. Finally, our numerical …