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In the 2011 post-Arab Spring migration wave, over 64,000 migrants landed on the southern Italian coast, with many of them potentially working illegally on farms through caporalato, a widespread system of illegal recruitment of underpaid farm labor run by Italian agrimafias. To test this...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011847932
the Donbass region, Ukraine's productive core, has taken a severe toll on the country. Using cross-country panel data over … the period 1995-2017, this paper quantifies the short-term causal effects of the Donbass war on Ukraine's GDP. Results … from the counterfactual estimation by the synthetic control method show that Ukraine's per capita GDP foregone due to the …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012005303