We assessed potential future CO2 reduction in the Korean petroleum refining industry by investigating five new technologies for energy savings and CO2 mitigation using a hybrid SD-LEAP model: crude oil distillation units (CDU), vacuum distillation units (VDU), light gas-oil hydro-desulfurization...

CO2 (carbon dioxide) is the most common greenhouse gas and most of it is emitted from human activities. The methods for CO2 emission reduction can be divided into physical, chemical, and biochemical methods. Among the physical and chemical methods, CCS (carbon capture and storage) is a...

CCS (carbon capture and storage) is the most popular technology used for the reduction of CO2 in the post-combustion stage. However, the CCS process has some disadvantages including uncertainty about the stability of the land that is used to store the separated CO2. Consequently, CCU (carbon...