This paper examines public school district budgetary responses to school accountability ratings. We identify school district budgetary changes through a “rating shock” due to a major change in school accountability systems in Texas. Texas implemented a new accountability system and new exam,...

Uniform use in public schools is rising, but we know little about how they affect students. Using a unique dataset from a large urban school district in the southwest United States, we assess how uniforms affect behavior, achievement and other outcomes. Each school in the district determines...