Three frameworks are recommended to analyze multilevel governance across a spectrum of complex human systems, including nations, states, cities, universities, hospitals, hotels, and homes, with which service researchers are concerned. This spectrum of complex human systems can be seen as...

This paper presents a first attempt at an integrated Service Science (SS) and Viable Systems Approach (VSA) analysis of the real-world phenomenon of changing jobs roles. Changing job roles is important to quality of life and yet understudied by systems scientists. Today, individuals changing...

The main purpose of this paper is to highlight the new opportunities that the <i>Viable Systems Approach (VSA)</i> can provide for observing complex service systems and explaining social phenomena through general schemes of interpretation. At the same time, it explores methodological links with the...</i>