This paper aims at investigation the efficiency of European and U.S. commercial banks. Scale and scope economies indicators, as well as a measurement of X-efficiency are derived from three cost functions: Fourier flexible form, translog and Box-Cox. This allows checking the stability and the...

Can policies accelerate the convergence path of dualistic economic growth in a single country, offsetting market failures and making growth transmission channels more efficient? A structural dynamic econometric model, has been set up in order to account for these changes. Three are the main...