T.W. Schultz (1975) proposed that returns to human capital were highest in economicenvironments where technology, price or production shocks were common and managerial skillsto adapt resource allocations to those shocks were most in need. We hypothesize that variationin returns to human capital...

Data from nine transition economies in Central and Eastern Europe are used to examine the role of computer adoption for returns to education. As in western economies, computers are adopted most heavily by young, educated, English-speaking workers with the best access to local telecommunications...

Across nine transition economies, it is the young, educated, English-speaking workers with thebest access to local telecommunications infrastructures that work with computers. Theseworkers earn about 25% more than do workers of comparable observable skills who do not usecomputers. Controlling...

A theoretical model is advanced that demonstrates that, if teacher and student attendancegenerate a shared good, then teacher and student attendance will be mutually reinforcing.Using data from the Northwest Frontier Province of Pakistan, empirical evidence supportingthat proposition is...

Many educators and policymakers have argued for lenient grade promotion policy – evenautomatic promotion – in developing country settings where grade retention rates arehigh. The argument assumes that grade retention discourages persistence or continuationin school and that the promotion of...

The proportion of U.S. high school students working during the school year ranges from 23% in thefreshman year to 75% in the senior year. This study estimates how cumulative work histories duringthe high school years affect probability of dropout, high school academic performance, and...

In the United States, both federal and state governments have tried to establish and enforcechild labor laws to protect youth from work that interferes with their schooling. While federalchild labor law focuses on the work experience of minors, especially those aged 15 andbelow; state child...

The health consequences of child labor may take time to manifest themselves. This studyexamines whether children who began working at a young age experience increasedincidence of illness or physical disability as adults.. When child labor and schooling aretreated as chosen without consideration...

In developing countries, rising incomes, increased demand for more skilled labor, and government investments of considerable resources on building and equipping schools and paying teachers have contributed to global convergence in enrollment rates and completed years of schooling. Nevertheless,...

Across nine transition economies, it is the young, educated, English-speaking workers with the best access to local telecommunications infrastructures that work with computers. These workers earn about 25% more than do workers of comparable observable skills who do not use computers. Controlling...