In this paper we investigate sources and characteristics of value, size and momentum profits on the Polish stock market. The research aims to broaden the academic knowledge in a few ways. First, we deliver fresh out-of-sample evidence on value, momentum, and size premiums. Second, we analyzemthe...

This paper proposes a consistent approach to discrete time valuation in insurance and finance. This approach uses the growth optimal portfolio as references unit or benchmark. When used as benchmark, it is shown that all benchmarked price processes are supermartingales.