Three studies demonstrate that the framing of redemption windows as expansive or restrictive, while keeping the actual length of the window constant, influences consumers' evaluations of sales promotions. When feasibility concerns are highlighted (e.g., in an implemental mindset), consumers...

This research demonstrates that as individuals approach a goal, external representations which increase the ease of visualizing this goal enhance goal pursuit. Specifically, easy-to-visualize goals are judged to be closer than harder-to-visualize goals and consequently increase effort and...

Across three studies we examine the relative importance of online versus offline information for internet purchases. Study 1 reveals that the relative importance of online information is higher for utilitarian products (computer hardware and software) than for hedonic products (books, music, and...

Sequential evaluation is the hallmark of fair review: the same raters assess the merits of applicants, athletes, art, and more using standard criteria. We investigate one important potential contaminant in such ubiquitous decisions: evaluations become more positive when conducted later in a...

With increasing numbers of consumers in auction marketplaces, we highlight some recent approaches that bring additional economic, social, and psychological factors to bear on existing economic theory to better understand and explain consumer behavior in auctions. We also highlight specific...

In four studies, we show that consumers' savings can be increased or decreased merely by changing the way consumers think about their saving goals. Consumers can (a) either specify or not specify an exact amount to save (goal specificity), and (b) they can focus on either how to save, or why to...