Since the early 1970s memebership has been in a process of continual decline inmost industrialised countries, including Australia. Australian Bureau of Statistics survey datae estimates Australian union density rates declined twenty percentage points between 1975 ( 51.0 percent) and 1996 (31.0...

The authors begin with a thorough assessment of the many nonexperimental employment and training program evaluation techniques based on non-random comparison groups. These techniques typically use econometric methods to estimate the effects of employment and training programs by using comparison...

This paper examines the benefits and costs of training and subsidized employment provided to welfare recipients in demonstration programs in seven states. A classical experimental design is used to estimate the effect of these demonstrations on earnings and welfare benefits over 33 months...

This paper examines the benefits and costs of Job Training Partnership Act (JTPA) Title II-A programs for economically disadvantaged adults and out-of-school youths. It is based on a 21,000-person randomized experiment conducted within ongoing Title II-A programs at 16 local JTPA Service...

The intention in this commentary is to anchor the paper to concepts from the consumer behavior literature and highlight departures from what we might expect.