Businesses are often subject to energy taxes that impose a charge on greenhouse gas emissions. Theoretically, energy taxes should motivate business spending on emissions abatement up to the point that, at the margin, the cost of reducing emissions equals the amount of the tax that is avoided. We...

Recently, pressure from multiple stakeholders regarding corporate social responsibility (CSR) policies and activities has resulted in firms' increased effort to measure and report information on numerous environmental and social issues. Disclosure of CSR information has generally been voluntary,...