The nature of the interaction between manufacturers and retailers has received a great deal of empirical attention in the last 15 years. One major line of empirical research examines the balance of power between them and ranges from reduced form models quantifying aggregate profit and other...

Multichannel retailing is the set of activities involved in selling merchandise or services to consumers through more than one channel. Multichannel retailers dominate today’s retail landscape. While there are many benefits of operating multiple channels, these retailers also face many...

The reference-price effect refers to the demand deviation caused by consumers’ perceived losses or gains when the current market price of a product differs from a cognitive benchmark (known as a reference price) formed by the customers based on past prices. The impact of such a reference...