This study was commissioned by the European Parliament's Policy Department for Citizens' Rights and Constitutional Affairs at the request of the AFCO Committee. Despite its increased visibility and relevance to fields covered by the EU, the European Social Charter has been largely ignored from...

This study was commissioned by the European Parliament's Policy Department for Citizens' Rights and Constitutional Affairs at the request of the AFCO Committee. Despite its increased visibility and relevance to fields covered by the EU, the European Social Charter has been largely ignored from...

The report offers an overview of the protection from discrimination under 1950 European Convention on Human Rights and the 1961 European Social Charter, as well as the 1966 Revised European Social Charter, which are the main human rights treaties of the Council of Europe. The report seeks to...

This article reexamines the debate between harmonization of social laws and regulatory competition in the EU. The recent case-law of the European Court of Justice allows companies to provide services across the EU from the member State of their choice, with only limited possibilities for the...

Fundamental rights are usually thought of as rules, which prescribe certain arrangements and exclude others ; and it is the role of courts, in the traditional view, to expound their significance by applying predefined rules to the facts submitted to them. This view, characteristic of the...

Shall the adoption of the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights lead the European Union to develop an active fundamental rights policy? Rather than asking the classical question of which initiatives need to be taken by the Union in order to improve the protection of fundamental rights, this paper...