Technological advancements have greatly improved the ability of management information systems to gather, compile, and provide relative performance information (RPI). Many of these systems are capable of providing feedback on demand, either at the discretion of managers or employees. We use an...

Managers often implement behavioral controls to prevent free riding, especially in group settings where individual effort is difficult to measure. We argue that to the extent these controls signal a norm of self-interest in the workplace, they are likely to result in lower trust and employee...

As organizational structures have become more flat, firms are increasing the use of peer reviews as a performance monitoring tool. Research suggests that the effectiveness of performance feedback, particularly negative feedback, depends on the feedback source and the recipient’s sense of...