Does advertising revenue increase or diminish content differentiation in media markets? This paper shows that an … causal effect of advertising on the YouTubers' content choice. The analysis of around one million YouTube videos shows that … advertising leads to a twenty percentage point reduction in the YouTubers' probability to duplicate popular content, i.e., content …

expanding into every corner of the economy, politics and our lives. They control the majority of digital advertising; Alphabet …, Google's parent, and Facebook receive more than 60 percent of digital advertising revenue (Media Buying 2017); Google …

, prices are zero - "free." On the other side of the market, Facebook's and Google's revenues are derived from advertising … advertised, - Increasing prices to consumers beyond the cost of advertising via the market power of the remaining firms in the …

other side, advertising rate are "hidden." Facebook's and Google's revenues are derived from advertising which appear when … digital advertising and one-third of total advertising. Nevertheless, no serious antitrust case or legislation has addressed …