General purpose technologies (GPTs) are regarded as a major source of productivity advancement and economic growth. As a kind of platform technology, GPTs have strong knowledge spillovers, which causes a single subject to lack R&D motivation and adopt a wait-and-see strategy. Cooperation R&D is...

Information technology (IT) coordination with supply chain (SC) partners improves customer and supplier integration. However, little research integrates multinational firms' cultural and geographical distance with subsidiaries' SC practice even as subsidiaries increasingly face problems engaging...