Environmental pollution, climate warming and other issues have become global issues, and the use of renewable energy as the best way to solve the problem has gradually attracted the attention of all countries. Uncertainty has an important effect on the production of renewable energy. Through a...

Treating the Russian invasion of Ukraine as a rare disaster event and defining proximity as both physical distance and political closeness, we analyze investors’ response to disaster risk by examining the performance of commercial real estate investments in countries of proximity to the event....