To solve the hybrid flow-shop scheduling problem in sand casting enterprises with multivariety and multistage production characteristics, an improved cuckoo algorithm was developed. First, considering the “single-batch” coupling relationship in the production process, a single-layer coding...

A service provider sells to homogenous risk-averse consumers through a two-part tariff. The consumers have uncertain tastes toward the service. They subscribe the service before the uncertainty resolves. In contrast with the common view that a monpolist's optimal two-part tariff for homogeneous...