Surface energies of strained Cu surfaces were studied systematically using first-principles methods. Results showed that the strain-stabilization of Cu surface was anisotropic and strongly related to the strain distribution. This strain-induced approach could be used as an effective way to...

A strategic agricultural land-use planning approach was proposed in response to water-supplier variation under parameter uncertainty. It was capable of examining the implication of various water-suppliers on agricultural land-use planning problems, interpreting the response of land-use schemes...

In this study, an interval full-infinite mixed-integer municipal-scale energy model (IFMI-MEM) is developed for planning energy systems of Beijing. IFMI-MEM is based on an integration of existing interval-parameter programming (IPP), mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) and full-infinite...

This study investigates whether U.S. multinational firms with subsidiaries located in offshore financial centers (OFCs) (i.e., offshore firms) are more likely to be opaque in their voluntary disclosure relative to U.S. multinationals without such subsidiaries (non-offshore firms). We use...