This paper presents the design of the sea toll network, especially in choosing the combination of the marine toll … network that has the best performance, in terms of profit and benefit. The problem of selecting the best combination in this … lower-level problem is related to network loading due to sea toll operations, while the upper-level problem is related to …

We analyse the behaviour of market participants in a multi-modal commuter network where roads are not priced, but …, and markets in which separate operators own each public transport link. To do so, we consider a simple transport network … influenced by all fares in the network. We then use numerical simulations to show that, contrary to the results obtained in …