Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- The drivers of the informal economy -- Tax morale and informality in post-socialist contexts / Diana Traikova -- The many shades of the grey economy in Romania / Rodica Ianole-Colin, Colin Vâlsan, Elena Druic? -- Evaluating the perceptions and realities of...

Purpose: In recent years, there has been a concern that employers are falsely classifying employees as self-employed to evade collective agreements and labour laws (e.g. minimum wages, working time legislation and protection in case of redundancy), and the result is that these dependent...

Purpose: When tackling the informal economy, an emergent literature has called for the conventional rational economic actor approach (which uses deterrents to ensure that the costs of undeclared work outweigh the benefits) to be replaced or complemented by a social actor approach which focusses...

In transition economies, a significant number of companies reduce their tax and social contributions by paying their staff an official salary, described in a registered formal employment agreement, and an extra, undeclared "envelope wage," via a verbal unwritten agreement. The consequences...