We introduce 'formal methods' of mechanized reasoning from computer science to address two problems in auction design and practice: is a given auction design soundly specified, possessing its intended properties; and, is the design faithfully implemented when actually run? Failure on either...

Formal methods use computers to verify proofs or even discover new theorems. Interest in applying formal methods to problems in economics has increased in the past decade, but - to date - none of this work has been published in economics journals. This paper applies formal methods to a familiar...

We propose a family-based association test, FBAT-PC, for studies with quantitative traits that are measured repeatedly. The traits may be influenced by partially or completely unknown factors that may vary for each measurement. Using generalized principal component analysis, FBAT-PC amplifies...