This paper analyzes the impact of US firms’ equity risk on bank lending standards and on the macroeconomy for two groups: small and medium-large firms. The results indicate that a higher level of firm risk leads to a higher percentage of banks tightening their lending standards on commercial...

We trace the linkages between the episodes of fiscal expansion and consolidation in 72 advanced and emerging and developing economies. The findings suggest that fiscal expansions are positively associated with economic growth, which in turn is positively linked with better sustainable...

This paper examines the association between episodes of large fiscal impulses (expansions and adjustments) and sustainable development indicators (prosperity, resilience, and inclusivity). We provide country studies of Chile, Poland, South Africa, and Thailand, examining the components of...

Purpose: The association between export destinations and economic growth remains under-researched, despite the large literature on export-led growth. This paper aims to fill in the gap of the literature. It analyzes the effects of exporting on economic growth in the Association of Southeast...

Almost all countries announced fiscal support programs once COVID-19 hit. However, there was significant diversity in the magnitude and composition of these fiscal stimulus programs. These differences were determined by myriad political, financial, social, and economic factors - these factors...

Mixture of experts (MoE) models are a powerful probabilistic neural network framework that can be used for classification, clustering, and regression. The most common types of MoE models are those with soft-max gating and experts with linear means. Such models are referred to as soft-max gated...