In September 1994, the Council of Ministers decided on a Directive on the establishment of a European Works Council for the purposes of informing and consulting employees (94/45/EC). The emergence of European Works Councils (EWCs) is a major part of the development of an industrial relations...

In September 1994, the Council of Ministers decided on a Directive on the establishment of a European Works Council for the purposes of informing and consulting employees (94/45/EC). The emergence of European Works Councils (EWCs) is a major part of the development of an industrial relations...

The concept of the 'working poor' has become increasing applicable to social and labour market realities in the EU, due to the rise in atypical and precarious work patterns and a growing polarisation in the labour market between low or unskilled work and highskilled work. Based primarily on a...

This report examines social exclusion through illness, specifically the processes whereby people who develop chronic illnesses are excluded from the workforce. It proposes a new model for understanding the nature of this problem, it develops an assessment tool for new initiatives in the area and...

Based primarily on an analysis of a body of research covering more than two decades, this report defines the scope of u0091offshore outsourcingu0092 and the services involved. It also covers issues such as the distribution of ICT service employment in Europe, driving factors of ICT service...

This report highlights a number of major differences and a smaller number of similarities between the industrial relations systems in the EU, Japan and the USA. It examines a number of basic industrial relations actors, structures and processes: trade unions; employer organisations; collective...

Financial participation has been the focus of increasing attention over recent years. This report, which draws on research carried out in eight Member States (Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Portugal, Sweden and the United Kingdom), provides a comprehensive picture of the...

The results of the Fifth National Survey on Working Conditions reveal an improvement in the risk preventive systems used by Spanish businesses. However, working conditions seem to have slightly disimproved, according to workersu0092 self-assessment of their own conditions. This trend has had...

The aim of this report is to provide a brief overview of the regulation and practice of information, consultation and other forms of employee involvement in the EU15 Member States plus Norway.

This article provides an overview of the role of the social partners in the definition, implementation and evaluation phases of the 2002 and 2003 National Action Plans (NAPs) on employment in the EU15. It aims to give both a historical and comparative analysis of the degree and quality of...