The objective of this paper is to analyze the effect of formal education level on food security status at the individual level in Togo. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations' Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES) measure is the basis of the analysis. Using the Chi-square...

In January 2021, the AfCFTA entered its operational phase. This AfCFTA covers the liberalization of trade in services with a Protocol on Trade in Services. In this context, this paper examines the effects of FDI flows and ICT infrastructure on services exports, both globally and by sector in...

Climate shocks are one of the most decried threats to farmers, especially in developing countries where agriculture remains largely dependent on rainfall. Reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions has been shown to be an effective solution. Unfortunately, this solution is struggling to...

This study provided empirical evidence for the analysis of the link between climate change and participation in global value chains in developing countries. The study used a panel model with a system-based GMM estimation technique on a sample of 27 developing countries from 2005 to 2019. The...

This paper assesses the level and the determinants of household food security in Togo using the well-being survey statistics. The status of food security is determined by the food expenditure approach. The Forster-Greer-Thorbecke estimation method and Logistic regression were used. The results...