Meier [Games Econ. Behav. 62, 53–66] shows that the universal knowledge–belief space exists. However, besides the universality there is an other important property might be imposed on knowledge–belief spaces, inherited also from type spaces, the completeness. In this paper, we introduce...

To fully understand the impacts and policy implications of conjectural variation, one must first understand the part it played in the great indeterminacy debate within marginal economics during the first half of the 20th century. Therefore, this paper shall begin with a short description and...

This paper constructs an equilibrium model of entrepreneurial innovation where individuals differ in their attitude toward uncertainty.Unlike previous models of innovation, the firm-formation process is endogenous.An entrepreneur, who owns residual profits, utilizes an uncertain technology and...

Economics, and other fields of social science are often criticized as unscientific for their apparent failures to formulate universal laws governing human societies. Whether economics is truly a science is one of the oldest questions. This paper attempts to create such universal laws, and...

Why would social science need the help from quantum mechanics? First, there are many unanswerable questions in social science. Are financial markets predictable? How to predict the financial markets? These important questions are not answerable in the existing framework of finance or economics....

Are financial markets predictable? How to predict the financial markets? These important questions are not answerable in the existing framework of either finance or economics. This paper shows in details that these questions are also not answerable in the existing framework of modern physics. In...

We define a solution concept, perfectly contracted equilibrium, for an intertempo- ral exchange economy where agents are simultaneously price takers in spot commod- ity markets while engaging in ecient, non-Walrasian contracting over future prices. Without requiring that agents have perfect...

We define a solution concept, perfectly contracted equilibrium, for an intertempo- ral exchange economy where agents are simultaneously price takers in spot commodity markets while engaging in non-Walrasian contracting over future prices. In a setting with subjective uncertainty over future...

This chapter examines government policy alternatives for protecting the environment. We compare environmentally motivated taxes and various non-tax environmental policy instruments in terms of their efficiency and distributional impacts. Much of the analysis is performed in a second-best setting...

We draw on the monthly Survey of Business Uncertainty (SBU) to make three observations about pandemic-era uncertainty in the U.S. economy. First, equity market traders and executives of nonfinancial firms share similar assessments about uncertainty at one-year lookahead horizons. That is, the...