positively related to research and development investments, while openness to trade has a negative effect. I also find the …. However, in both sub-samples, research and development investments Granger-cause intellectual property protection levels …, whereas surprisingly, intellectual property protection does not Granger-cause research and development investments. …

positioned in the intellectual property (IP) sector. Exploratory research has been conducted through the lens of a patent and … trade mark agent who is involved in advising on a range of IP issues. The research highlights the opportunities offered by … key findings of the research will be of value to researchers and practitioners in the IP field but many of the issues and …