The Great Recession has called into question many tenets of Neo-classical Microeconomics. Neo-classical theory allows each agent only one fixed type, homo economicus, while not denying other possible types as in adverse selection. We propose that economic agents not only choose their market...

Given any observed demand behavior by means of a demand function, we quantify by how much it departs from rationality. Using a recent elaboration of the "almost implies near" principle, the measure of the gap is the smallest norm of the correcting matrix that would yield a Slutsky matrix with...

The rationality of choices is one of the most fundamental assumptions of traditional economic analysis. Yet, substantial evidence has documented that choices often cannot be rationalized by utility maximization. Several measures of rationality have been introduced in the literature to quantify...

We analyze social and economic phenomena involving beliefs which people value and invest in, for affective or functional reasons. Individuals are at times uncertain about their own deep values and infer them from their past choices, which then come to define who they are". Identity investments...

The paper argues that economism and, in particular, the individual drive to maximize utility and amass profit are not enough to ensure the efficient functioning of an economy; and that even for elementary economic activities, such as trade, exchange and contracting to occur smoothly, it is...