Criminal law and economics rests on the expectation that deterrence incentives can be employed to reduce crime. Prison … survey evidence however suggests that a majority of criminals are biased and may not react to deterrence incentives. This … study employs an extra-laboratory experiment in a German prison to test the effectiveness of deterrence. Subjects either …

This paper provides a comprehensive discussion of the deterrence properties of a competition policy regime. On the … deterrence: 1) sanctions and damages; 2) financial and human resources; 3) powers during the investigation; 4) quality of the law …; 5) independence; and 6) separation of power. We then discuss how to measure deterrence. We review the literature that …

settlement amount, yet at the price of reduced deterrence for those wrongdoers who are actually fined. Under a leniency program … fine reduction on deterrence is, therefore, negative. …

, Competition Policy Indexes, or CPIs. The CPIs measure the deterrence properties of a competition policy in a jurisdiction, where …