Using individual-level data from the European Social Survey, we study the relevance of gender norms in accounting for … the motherhood employment gap across 186 European NUTS2 regions (over 29 countries) for the 2002-2016 period. The gender … potential endogeneity of our gender norms measure with an index of the degree of reproductive health liberalization when …

Using individual-level data from the European Social Survey, we study the relevance of gender norms in accounting for … the motherhood employment gap across 186 European NUTS2 regions (over 29 countries) for the 2002-2016 period. The gender … potential endogeneity of our gender norms measure with an index of the degree of reproductive health liberalization when …

variation in the share of individuals with non-traditional gender norms across birth-cohorts, survey year, education, and ….4% standard deviation. Our measure of non-traditional gender norms is the share of women who disagree with the statement "men …

-countries, we find that the positive association between the female-male gender gap in math test scores (which on average favors … boys) and alternative measures of gender equality vanishes in OECD countries once we account for country fixed effects. Our … relationship between the gender gap in math and female empowerment. Interestingly, our analysis for non-OECD countries uncovers a …

We explore whether a 1990 Japanese educational reform that eliminated gender-segregated and gender … to have changed the distribution of gender roles within the household, as we observe both a direct effect of the reform … force may have been driven by changes in beliefs regarding men' and women's gender roles. As for men, the reform only had a …