The standards of care for HIV define the expected or desired quality of prevention, treatment, and care for people at risk of HIV acquisition or living with HIV. The standards are based on a scientific rationale, as well as the responsibilities of each stakeholder, to ensure that people receive...

These guidelines support adherence to the European Union (EU) Regulation on standards of quality and safety for substances of human origin (SoHO) intended for human application. They provide evidence-based recommendations for assessing SoHO donors within the EU and European Economic Area (EEA)...

This report provides an update on progress towards the Sustainable Development Goal Target (SDG) 3.3 and other main global and regional targets for eliminating HIV, viral hepatitis, tuberculosis (TB) and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) as public health threats. These infections...

Although preventable, viral hepatitis, HIV, sexually transmitted infections (STI) and tuberculosis (TB) remain public health issues in the European Union and European Economic Area (EU/EEA), causing substantial morbidity and nearly 57 000 deaths annually. As of the end of 2023, 820 000 people...

Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is very effective at preventing HIV infection when taken as prescribed. It is an important element of the 'combination prevention' necessary to reach the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goal of ending the AIDS epidemic by 2030 [3]. Since 2016, PrEP has...

The Covid-19 pandemic caused a global economic crisis, leading governments to provide substantial State Aid to support firms. This paper examines the effectiveness of Covid-related financial support in Spain and Italy, focusing on its impact on firm recovery. Using a difference-in-differences...

The Covid-19 pandemic caused a global economic crisis, leading governments to provide substantial State Aid to support firms. This paper examines the effectiveness of Covid-related financial support in Spain and Italy, focusing on its impact on firm recovery. Using a difference-in-differences...

This study examines the relationship between gender-related aid and legal frameworks governing women's economic opportunities. Using data from 116 countries (2009-2022), we analyze how significant (SGRA) and principal (PGRA) gender-related aid influence the Women, Business, and Law (WBL) Index,...

The standards of care (SoC) for Commencement of ART define the expected, or desired, quality of prevention, treatment, and care for people at risk of HIV acquisition or living with HIV. The standards are based on a scientific rationale, as well as the responsibilities of each stakeholder and...

The Norwegian parliament has agreed to fund the Nansen Support Program for Ukraine, promising to deliver a total of NOK 75 billion (EUR 6.7 billion) in military and civilian aid to Ukraine over the period 2023-2027. In 2023, half of the aid was delivered in the form of military support, the...

This evidence brief summarises key issues and priorities for action in Europe and Central Asia on PrEP. It is based on data collected between February and August 2023, for the period 2022. If countries do not have data for 2022, the latest available data is reported. This report is based on data...

In 2021 and 2022, a survey was developed to assess the impact of COVID-19 on HIV service delivery and monitoring capacity in Europe and Central Asia. Countries were asked whether COVID-19 had an impact on several HIV-specific and non-HIV specific services compared to pre-COVID levels. Although...

This evidence brief summarises the progress towards UN Sustainable Development Goal 3.3 to 'end the epidemic of AIDS' in the European Union and European Economic Area. It is largely based on data collected between February and August 2023 by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control...

The purpose of the report is to provide information on access to HIV treatment in Vietnam. This information is relevant to the application of international protection status determination (refugee status and subsidiary protection) and migration legislation in EU+ countries.

This evidence brief summarises the progress towards UN Sustainable Development Goal 3.3 to 'end the epidemic of AIDS' in the European Union and European Economic Area (EU/EEA). It is largely based on data collected by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) through an...

This study investigates the effectiveness of gender-mainstreamed aid in mitigating gender inequality. We develop a robust theoretical model that accounts for the potential positive and perceived negative effects of shifts toward gender parity, capturing diverse societal perspectives. Utilizing a...

I study the impacts of exposure to one of Africa's largest circular migration flows using an arbitrary border within Mozambique that, from 1893 to 1942, separated areas where young men were either pushed into or prevented from migrating. Counterintuitively, but consistent with historical...

We show that ordinary appointments can act as effective substitutes for hard commitment devices and increase demand for a critical healthcare service, particularly among those with self-control problems. We show this using an experiment that randomly offered HIV testing appointments and hard...

This study examines how student aid eligibility influences application decisions to higher education using administrative data from the French national centralized platform. We employ a difference-in-differences approach following a change in the income thresholds for aid eligibility. We find...

This study examines how student aid eligibility influences application decisions to higher education using administrative data from France. We study the impact of a change in income thresholds for aid eligibility. We find that aid eligibility did not have a uniform effect on students'...

In 2021, the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) updated the HIV targets for 2025 as part of the global strategy to end AIDS by 2030. The updated targets are for 95% of all people living with HIV (PLHIV) to be diagnosed, 95% of those diagnosed to be on antiretroviral treatment...

If the AIDS epidemic is to be brought to end by 2030, it is crucial to combat HIV-related stigma and discrimination in healthcare settings, as per United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goal 3 Target 3.3 [1] and the Paris Declaration [2]. The UNAIDS target related to stigma and...

In 2023, migrants accounted for almost half of new HIV diagnoses in the European Union and European Economic Area (EU/EEA) remaining a key population affected by HIV across the European region. Migrants living with HIV face numerous intersecting stigmas related to their HIV and migration status,...

Sex workers are a key population affected by HIV across Europe. Their vulnerability becoming infected with HIV is increased because of the generally criminalised and stigmatised nature of sex work, which can result in a marginalised existence for sex workers and consequent difficulties...

HIV infection continues to affect the health and well-being of nearly 2.6 million people in the WHO European Region, particularly in the eastern part of the Region. This report is the latest in a series published jointly by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) and the...